Europe

Axis of Disruption: Chinese and Russian Influence and Interference in Europe

Karin von Hippel

RUSI's Director-General, Karin von Hippel, introduces a new series on Russia and China in Europe.

The UK Ministry of Defence’s Adoption of the Government-Wide System for Project Approvals

Trevor Taylor

In the first in a series of articles, we explore the UK’s current attempt to operate a government-wide direction in its approval of major procurement projects.

Ethnic Hungarian Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe: Normalisation in Sight?

Károly Gergely

Ethnic Hungarians in neighbouring states are still struggling with exercising their group rights, a century after Hungary was shorn of much of its territory.

"Advances in deepfake technology have led to the emergence of a new picture of how doctored material will be used in disinformation campaigns. While safeguards ensure that manipulated videos may not be such a problem at the highest levels of security and defence, lower levels ‐ such as local elections ‐ remain vulnerable to malign actors. At such levels, deepfakes can be distributed using social media channels to target unsuspecting victims. Current solutions only protect individuals who are prominent enough to be covered by the mainstream media, and not enough is being done by governments or social media companies to protect ordinary users from coordinated inauthentic activity online. However, with more images and videos of ourselves online than ever before, anyone can be a victim of a disinformation campaign. As deepfakes become easier to make, no one is safe ‐ hyper-localized manipulation will create problems for democratic institutions that have not yet been fully understood. "

Microfake: How small-scale deepfakes can undermine society

Understanding the Whole of Military Health Systems: The Defence Healthcare Cycle

Martin Bricknell and Paul Cain

A clear understanding of modern military healthcare will lead to better policy.

"Russia’s approach to the Baltic states is occasionally framed as an imminent territorial takeover. This view has become salient since Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, when other nearby countries became concerned that they may be in Russia’s sights. In fact, Russia is unlikely to be interested in a territorial incursion in the Baltics, not least because this would trigger NATO’s Article 5, its collective defense principle, and because Russia would be unlikely to win in a conflict against NATO allies. "

Unplugging the Baltic States: Why Russia’s Economic Approach May Be Shifting